Fourteen of the 26 bones in your feet are in your toes. The toes, particularly your big toe, help you move and keep your balance. Playing sports, running, stubbing your toe, and dropping something on your foot can damage your toes. Wearing shoes that are too loose or too tight can also cause toe problems. Certain diseases, such as severe arthritis, can cause toe problems and pain. Toe injuries and disorders include fractures, sprains, dislocations, and turf toe, as well as chronic conditions like bunions, ingrown toenails, corns, calluses, gout, Morton’s neuroma, and peripheral neuropathies. They are often caused by improper footwear, sports trauma, or underlying diseases, leading to pain, swelling, redness, numbness, or deformities. Treatment ranges from rest and protective gear to medication or surgery, and medical care is needed for severe pain, infection, walking difficulties, or nerve-related symptoms—especially in people with diabetes or weakened immunity.
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